Book of Matthew - Chapter 12 - Verse 3

In this verse, Jesus is referring to a story from the Old Testament about King David when he was on the run from King Saul. David and his followers were hungry, so he entered the house of God and ate the consecrated bread meant only for the priests. This act was against the law, but the high priest allowed it because of the urgent need. Jesus uses this example to point out to the Pharisees and scribes who criticized his disciples for plucking grain on the Sabbath that there are exceptions to the rules when human need is involved. He emphasizes the importance of mercy and compassion over strict adherence to the law. By mentioning David's actions, Jesus is teaching his followers to prioritize helping those in need over legalistic interpretations of religious customs and traditions.

The verse 'But he said unto them, Have ye not read what David did, when he was an hungred, and they that were with him;' holds theological significance as it showcases Jesus' defense of his disciples' actions on the Sabbath. By referring to the story of David in 1 Samuel 21, Jesus highlights the principle of human need superseding legalistic interpretations of the law. The word "hungred" in this context emphasizes the physical hunger experienced by David and his companions, which led to their eating of the consecrated bread. This references the compassionate nature of God, who understands and provides for the basic needs of his people in times of necessity. The theological interpretation of this verse underscores the importance of prioritizing mercy and compassion over strict adherence to rules and regulations. It serves as a reminder to focus on the heart of the law rather than getting caught up in legalistic details.